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How Routing Protocols Work Every network routing protocol performs three basic functions: Discovery: Identify other routers on the network.Route management: Keep track of the possible destinations (for network messages) along with some data describing the pathway of each.Path determination: Make dynamic decisions for where to send each network message. A few routing protocols (called link-state protocols) enable a router to build and track a full map of all network links in a region while others (called distance-vector protocols) allow routers to work with less information about the network area....

Mscoree.dll Errors There are several ways these errors can show up on your computer. Here are some of the more common messages: Mscoree.dll Not FoundThis application failed to start because mscoree.dll was not found. Re-installing the application may fix this problem.Cannot find [PATH]\mscoree.dllThe file mscoree.dll is missing.Cannot start [APPLICATION]. A required component is missing: mscoree.dll. Please install [APPLICATION] again. Mscoree.dll error messages might appear while using or installing certain programs, when Windows starts or shuts down, or maybe even during a Windows installation....

There are actually two different “speeds” at which a USB 1.1 device can run at: Low Bandwidth at 1.5 Mbps or Full Bandwidth at 12 Mbps. This is considerably slower than USB 2.0’s 480 Mbps and USB 3.0’s 5,120 Mbps maximum transfer rates. USB 1.1 Connectors USB Type A: These plugs and receptacles are officially referred to as Series A connectors and are the commonly seen, perfectly rectangular USB connectors....

Locate a Song or Album in the iOS Music App Navigating the Music app can be a little confusing, but once you are proficient with it, it’s easy to browse your music library until you find the song, album, or playlist you want to listen to and tap it to play. Play a Selection To play music from the Music app: How the Controls Work The controls available while a song is playing are familiar to most people and easy to pick up even if they aren’t familiar....

Anyone who’s active on Vine should know that video-making trends go viral across the platform all the time. Every few weeks or so, some lucky user’s new video quickly becomes a meme or trend almost overnight, inspiring all sorts of Vine users to create and post their own versions. The My Name Is Jeff sound clip from the movie 22 Jump Street is one example of a trend that went wildly viral on Vine....

VR headsets were used during the inquest into the death of a Hong Kong student who fell at a multi-story car park. It’s part of a small but growing movement to present evidence through VR. Experts say that virtual reality could bring new ways of presenting evidence to juries. “There’s no doubt that virtual reality could help to explain details of a case to jurors in a way which allows them to immerse themselves in the crime scene,” Jack Zmudzinski, a senior associate at software company Future Processing, said in an email interview....

DDNS serves a similar purpose to the internet’s Domain Name System (DNS) in that DDNS lets anyone who hosts a web or FTP server advertise a public name to prospective users. However, unlike DNS, which only works with static IP addresses, DDNS is also designed to support dynamic (changing) IP addresses, such as those assigned by a DHCP server. That makes DDNS a good fit for home networks, which normally receive dynamic public IP addresses from an internet service provider....

Internet Backbone Technology Nearly all web browsing, video streaming, and other common online traffic flows through internet backbones. They consist of network routers and switches connected mainly by fiber optic cables. Each fiber link on the backbone normally provides 100 Gbps of network bandwidth. Computers rarely connect to a backbone directly. Instead, the networks of internet service providers or large organizations connect to these backbones and computers access the backbone indirectly....

Computer sticks feature mobile processors, graphics processors, flash memory storage, RAM, Bluetooth, Wi-Fi, operating systems, and an HDMI connector. Some computer sticks also offer microSD card slots, micro USB, and/or USB 2.0/3.0 ports for storage expansion. How to Use a Computer Stick Computer sticks are simple to set up and use as long as you have the necessary equipment. To get started, you’ll need: A free HDMI port on a television, monitor screen, or desktop or laptop PC....

It converts the alternating current from your wall outlet into a continuous form of power called direct current that the computer components require. It also regulates overheating by controlling voltage, which might change automatically or manually depending on the power supply. The power supply is a crucial piece because, without it, the rest of the internal hardware can’t function. Motherboards, cases, and power supplies all come in different sizes called form factors....

What is an Unlocked Phone? An unlocked smartphone is a phone that can work with any cell phone carrier. Some phones are not unlocked and so they can only be used on one provider like Verizon, or with just AT&T, or T-Mobile, etc. An unlocked phone doesn’t have that limitation. However, a phone’s compatibility with a network is only relevant for cell phone carriers, not wireless networks like Wi-Fi; any phone, as long as Wi-Fi is working, can connect to a Wi-Fi network regardless of whether or not the phone is unlocked or locked....

What Are the Advantages of a Liquid-Cooled Computer? Over the years, CPU (central processing unit) and graphics card speeds have increased. To generate the new speeds, CPUs employ more transistors, draw more power, run at higher clock rates, and thus generate more heat than ever before. Liquid cooling is more efficient than traditional heatsink technology at moving heat away from components. In turn, this technology allows processors to run at higher speeds by keeping the CPU and graphics cards running within the manufacturer’s temperature specifications....

How Mail Merge Works Mail merge works by linking a database to your document. The database contains the unique elements (Sue, Jack, Peggy, etc.) and the document is your letter, invoice, label set, or another file. Mail merge saves you time and effort because it automates the process of entering one unique piece of data into a document. For example, say you want to write a holiday letter and send it to 20 people....

Remote Access for Work Traditional remote access solutions in an employment situation used dial-up technologies to allow employees to connect to an office network via telephone networks connecting to remote access servers. Virtual Private Networking (VPN) has replaced this traditional physical connection between the remote client and the server by creating a secure tunnel over a public network—in most cases, over the internet. VPN is the technology for securely connecting two private networks, such as the employer’s network and the employee’s remote network (and can also mean secure connections between two large private networks)....

Connect Your Phone or Other Device to a TV To use screen mirroring, both devices have to meet a few minimum requirements. Your phone or tablet must support mirroring and be able to send out data. The TV or projector must also support screen mirroring and be able to capture and play that data. To find out if your phone or tablet supports mirroring, refer to the documentation or perform an internet search....

Here’s a look at social bookmarking, why it’s useful, and how it differs from saving a bookmark to your web browser. How Social Bookmarking Works Social bookmarking services are centralized online services where users can store and share online links, or bookmarks, with other members of the community. These sites usually provide a combination of organizational and social tools, allowing users to annotate and categorize their bookmarks as well as comment on and discuss topics with other interested users....

What Is Steam Chat Used For? Steam Chat modernizes Steam’s communication tools and features. While Steam is primarily a marketplace for buying video games and organizing your video game library, it also allows you to connect and play games with friends. Steam Chat is a free alternative to paid voice chat services like TeamSpeak, Mumble, and Ventrillo. These services provide voice over internet protocol (VoIP) communication for gamers, so they can coordinate when they’re in a game and keep in touch when they aren’t playing....

Character Limitations in an Email Address Every email address consists of two parts. The username comes before the @ sign, and the domain name follows it. In “person@company.com,” the username is “person” and the domain name is “company.com.” The total length of an email address in the original standard was 320 characters. The standard limited the username to 64 characters and the domain name to 255 characters. (If you’re doing the math, that adds up to 319....

If your Google Home isn’t reaching the internet very well or connected devices aren’t responding with your Google Home commands, you might find that: music playback isn’t very smooth, or music starts and them immediately freezes.you can’t broadcast messages to other Home devices.Netflix or YouTube doesn’t open when you tell it to.online lookups are spotty and work only half the time.Google Home says “something went wrong, try again” way too often....

You Need High-Definition Sources If you have an HDTV, the way to view true HD is to have true HD sources, such as HD satellite or HD cable service, HD streaming media, or local HD programming. In 2009, all television broadcasts switched from analog to digital transmissions, and many are high-definition. Other high-definition sources are Blu-ray Disc players, HD-DVD players, and cable or satellite HD-DVRs. DVD recorders with ATSC or QAM tuners can receive HDTV signals....